Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Antithrombotic and antibacterial surface coating based on spiky silver nanoparticles: A counterattack against clotting and biofilm

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102762

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro biocompatibility of surface coatings. (A) ROS generation levels of macrophages cultured on the surface coatings. (B) Proliferation of SVEC4-10 and RAW 264.7 cells on the surfaces and (C) representative images illustrating cell morphology using LIVE/DEAD™ reagents. (D) Images and (E) haemolytic activity of surface coatings. Statistical comparisons of samples with the control were performed using one-way and two-way ANOVA tests.

Article Snippet: Mouse endothelial cells (SVEC4-10, ATCC CRL-2181, passages 10) and mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7, ATCC TIB-71, passage 20) were cultured in low-glucose Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Massachusetts, USA) supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum and 1 % penicillin/streptomycin.

Techniques: In Vitro, Cell Culture, Activity Assay, Control

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: A novel biomimetic nanozyme orchestrates ulcerative colitis resolution by targeting KEAP1-NRF2-ARE pathway: Redox balance restoration, colonic barrier repair, immune homeostasis regulation

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102627

Figure Lengend Snippet: Oral-administered DhHP-6 regulated Immune Homeostasis in DSS-induced UC mice. (A) The activation level of neutrophils in colons visualized by MPO immunofluorescence staining. (B–C) Macrophage phenotype reprogramming in colons visualized by CD86 (M1) and CD206 (M2) immunofluorescence staining. (D) Representative Western blot images of CD86 (M1) and CD206 (M2) in colon tissues. (E–G) The level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) in mice serum. (H) Schematic illustration of the proposed mechanism for DhHP-6 in alleviating UC in mice. Data (expressed as mean ± standard deviation) were derived from the specified number of independent experiments (n = 3). Significance levels were denoted as ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001, compared to the control group. The scheme images were assisted by the Figdraw platform.

Article Snippet: Human epithelial cell line (Caco-2 cells) and mouse macrophage cells (RAW 264.7 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Western Blot, Standard Deviation, Derivative Assay, Control

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: A novel biomimetic nanozyme orchestrates ulcerative colitis resolution by targeting KEAP1-NRF2-ARE pathway: Redox balance restoration, colonic barrier repair, immune homeostasis regulation

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102627

Figure Lengend Snippet: DhHP-6 NRF2-dependently attenuated LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages Immune Homeostasis. (A–B) Macrophage phenotype reprogramming visualized by CD86 (M1) and CD206 (M2). (C) The ratio of CD206 to CD86 (M2 to M1). (D–F) The level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10). (G) Representative immunofluorescence images of NLRP3. (H) Representative Western blot images of inflammation pathway (p-IKBα, IKBα, p-P65, and P65). (I) Mitochondrial staining by mito-green. (J) ATP concentration. (K) MitoSOX intensity. (L) Schematic illustration of DhHP-6-induced NRF2 nuclear translocation-mediated mitochondrial protection and NF-κB pathway inhibition in intestinal barrier repair. Data (expressed as mean ± standard deviation) were derived from the specified number of independent experiments (n = 3). Significance levels were denoted as ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001, compared to the control group. The scheme images were assisted by the Figdraw platform. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Human epithelial cell line (Caco-2 cells) and mouse macrophage cells (RAW 264.7 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Western Blot, Staining, Concentration Assay, Translocation Assay, Inhibition, Standard Deviation, Derivative Assay, Control

Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

Article Title: PEBL, a component-based Chinese medicine, reduces virus-induced acute lung injury by targeting FXR to decrease ACE2 levels

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.05.003

Figure Lengend Snippet: PEBL alleviates Poly(I:C)-induced ALI in a dose-dependent manner and modulates cytokine levels in macrophage inflammation. (A) Experimental design for PEBL treatment in ALI zebrafish. (B) Dose-dependent reduction in mortality by PEBL. Survival plot of 5 dpf Tg(coro1α: GFP) larvae at 72 hpi ( n = 30). (C) Dose-dependent reduction in macrophage recruitment by PEBL. Quantitative analysis of macrophage infiltration in the swim bladder section at 4 hpi ( n = 10). (D) Fluorescence images of macrophages in the swim bladder section at 4 hpi following different concentrations of PEBL, marked by the red circle. (E-J) PEBL reduces Poly(I:C)-induced cytokine elevation in RAW264.7 cells ( n = 3). mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in cells were measured by qPCR (E-G), while protein concentrations of these cytokines in culture media were quantified using ELISA (H-J). ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 vs. Poly(I:C); ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 for group comparisons. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Mouse peritoneal mononuclear macrophage RAW264.7 cells and human embryonic kidney 293 T cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

Article Title: PEBL, a component-based Chinese medicine, reduces virus-induced acute lung injury by targeting FXR to decrease ACE2 levels

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.05.003

Figure Lengend Snippet: PEBL suppresses Poly(I:C)-induced FXR and ACE2 expression and NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation in RAW264.7 cells. (A-E) PEBL reduces the mRNA (A-B) and protein (D-E) levels of FXR and ACE2 and diminishes NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation (C, E). (F-H) PEBL suppresses the protein distribution of FXR and ACE2, inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p65. Representative images show the localization of FXR (F, green), ACE2 (G, green), NF-κB-p65 (H, green), and DAPI (blue), captured by immunofluorescence at 40 × magnification using confocal microscopy. Scale bar = 10 μm. UDCA was used as a positive control. Nuc, nucleus; Cyt, cytoplasm; Mem, membrane. n = 3; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 for group comparisons. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Mouse peritoneal mononuclear macrophage RAW264.7 cells and human embryonic kidney 293 T cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Translocation Assay, Immunofluorescence, Confocal Microscopy, Positive Control, Membrane

Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

Article Title: PEBL, a component-based Chinese medicine, reduces virus-induced acute lung injury by targeting FXR to decrease ACE2 levels

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.05.003

Figure Lengend Snippet: PEBL suppresses Poly(I:C)-induced FXR binding to ACE2 by inhibiting FXR transcription in RAW264.7 cells. (A-B) FXR overexpression reverses the effect of PEBL on the protein levels of ACE2 and NF-κB-p65. n = 3. (C-D) FXR overexpression reverses the inhibitory effect of PEBL on ACE2 distribution and NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation. Representative images show the localization of ACE2 (C, green), NF-κB-p65 (D, green), and DAPI (blue), captured by immunofluorescence at 40 × magnification using confocal microscopy. Scale bar = 10 μm. (E-H) PEBL requires FXR to decrease ACE2 expression and mitigate Poly(I:C) infection. In FXR-KD cells (F, H), no significant change in ACE2 expression was observed following treatments with CDCA, Poly(I:C), UDCA, or PEBL, compared to WT cells (E, G). WT, wild-type RAW264.7 cells; n = 3. (I) Co-IP analysis reveals no binding between FXR and ACE2 proteins. (J-K) PEBL reduces Poly(I:C)-induced FXR binding to the ACE2 promoter, confirmed by ChIP-qPCR and agarose gel electrophoresis.Nuc, nucleus; Cyt, cytoplasm; Mem, membrane; OSTα, positive control; ACE2-NC, negative control; C, control; P, Poly(I:C). n = 6; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 for group comparisons; ns , non-significant. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Mouse peritoneal mononuclear macrophage RAW264.7 cells and human embryonic kidney 293 T cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Over Expression, Translocation Assay, Immunofluorescence, Confocal Microscopy, Expressing, Infection, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, ChIP-qPCR, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Membrane, Positive Control, Negative Control, Control